File type / application
.doc
Application-owned data: this family spans documents, archives, structured payloads, and software-specific files.
Best for: Workflows that need a format-aware viewer, editor, or parser rather than a generic media player.
Type family
application
Subtype
msword
Default handling
App-specific
Handling verdict
The originating application is the safest default; browser support is not assumed.
Use a format-aware application rather than a plain-text editor.
The format is normally compressed internally, so another compression pass rarely pays off.
Application formats vary widely. Verify the source and use a trusted, up-to-date viewer for unfamiliar files.
HTTP response headers
Content-Type: application/msword
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="example.doc"
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniffThe MIME type describes the payload, Content-Disposition controls whether the browser previews or saves it, and nosniff prevents the browser from silently substituting a guessed type.
HTML file input
accept=".doc,.dot,application/msword"Use this value on <input type="file"> to steer the picker toward .doc, its known aliases, and files reporting application/msword. It improves selection, but it is not validation—check the bytes again after upload.
Registry ledger
declared valuesMIME type
application/msword
Registry source
iana
Character set
Not declared
Compressible
No
Known aliases
.dot
Same MIME type
.dot
How to work with .doc
operational notesOpen it with the format-aware tool first
Start with A format-aware viewer, The software that created it, Developer tooling. Use the declared MIME type and an explicit Content-Disposition instead of relying on the filename alone. If the file came from someone else, keep the original untouched and work on a copy so a failed conversion cannot destroy the only source.
Safety note
Application formats vary widely. Verify the source and use a trusted, up-to-date viewer for unfamiliar files.